Population of Canada
As of April 2025, the population of Canada is 39.4 million. The number of inhabitants has increased by 324 thousand in the last year, representing a growth of 0.83%. The median age of the population has increased in recent years, rising from 39.6 years in 2015 to 41 years in 2025. Currently, life expectancy at birth is 83.3 years and population density is 4.3 inhabitants per square kilometer.
Population Growth
The population growth rate of Canada peaked in 1957, reaching around 2.98% annually, but has since declined to approximately 0.82% in 2025. The annual increase in the number of people has also decreased from a peak of around 506.08 thousand in 1970 to nearly 324.26 thousand in 2025.
Life Expectancy
In Canada, life expectancy at birth has been increasing, with the indicator rising from 80.1 years in 2005 to 83.3 years in 2025, representing an increase of more than 3 years over the past 2 decades.
Most populous cities in Canada
Canada has multiple large cities with a significant number of inhabitants. The most populous city is Toronto, Ontario, with approximately 2.6 million inhabitants. It is followed by Montréal, Quebec with 1.8 million and Calgary, Alberta with 1 million.
These are the 20 most populous cities in Canada:
| # | City | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toronto, Ontario | 2,600,000 |
| 2 | Montréal, Quebec | 1,762,949 |
| 3 | Calgary, Alberta | 1,019,942 |
| 4 | Edmonton, Alberta | 1,010,899 |
| 5 | Ottawa, Ontario | 812,129 |
| 6 | Winnipeg, Manitoba | 749,607 |
| 7 | Mississauga, Ontario | 668,549 |
| 8 | Vancouver, British Columbia | 600,000 |
| 9 | Brampton, Ontario | 593,638 |
| 10 | Québec | 531,902 |
| # | City | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hamilton, Ontario | 519,949 |
| 12 | Halifax, Nova Scotia | 439,819 |
| 13 | Laval, Quebec | 422,993 |
| 14 | Surrey, British Columbia | 394,976 |
| 15 | Etobicoke, Ontario | 365,000 |
| 16 | London, Ontario | 346,765 |
| 17 | Markham, Ontario | 328,966 |
| 18 | Vaughan, Ontario | 306,233 |
| 19 | Okanagan, British Columbia | 297,601 |
| 20 | Victoria, British Columbia | 289,625 |