Population of Estonia

As of April 2025, the population of Estonia is 1.3 million. The number of inhabitants has decreased by 4 thousand in the last year, representing a decline of 0.31%. The median age of the population has increased in recent years, rising from 40.6 years in 2015 to 42.4 years in 2025. Currently, life expectancy at birth is 79.6 years and population density is 30.3 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Population Growth

The population growth rate of Estonia peaked in 1950, reaching around 1.32% annually, but has since declined to approximately -0.33% in 2025. The annual increase in the number of people has also decreased from a peak of around 15.36 thousand in 1964 to nearly -4.35 thousand in 2025.

Life Expectancy

In Estonia, life expectancy at birth has been increasing, with the indicator rising from 73.2 years in 2005 to 79.6 years in 2025, representing an increase of more than 6 years over the past 2 decades.

Most populous cities in Estonia

The cities of Estonia are small, with the 5 most populated adding up to around 619.5 thousand inhabitants. The most populous city is Tallinn, Harjumaa, con una diferencia significativa sobre las demás, alcanzando approximately 394 thousand inhabitants. It is followed by Tartu with 91.4 thousand and Narva, Ida-Virumaa with 54.4 thousand.

These are the 20 most populous cities in Estonia: