Population of Peru
As of April 2025, the population of Peru is 34.9 million. The number of inhabitants has increased by 334 thousand in the last year, representing a growth of 0.96%. The median age of the population has increased in recent years, rising from 26.7 years in 2015 to 29.4 years in 2025. Currently, life expectancy at birth is 77.3 years and population density is 27.4 inhabitants per square kilometer.
Population Growth
The population growth rate of Peru peaked in 1961, reaching around 2.98% annually, but has since declined to approximately 0.95% in 2025. The annual increase in the number of people has also decreased from a peak of around 710.99 thousand in 2018 to nearly 333.82 thousand in 2025.
Life Expectancy
In Peru, life expectancy at birth has been increasing, with the indicator rising from 73 years in 2005 to 77.3 years in 2025, representing an increase of more than 4 years over the past 2 decades.
Most populous cities in Peru
Peru has several cities considered medium-sized by their number of inhabitants, but there are also some large ones. The most populous city is Lima, Lima Province, con una diferencia significativa sobre las demás, alcanzando approximately 7.7 million inhabitants. It is followed by Callao with 1.3 million and Arequipa with 1 million.
These are the 20 most populous cities in Peru:
| # | City | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lima, Lima Province | 7,737,002 |
| 2 | Callao | 1,300,000 |
| 3 | Arequipa | 1,008,290 |
| 4 | Trujillo, La Libertad | 919,899 |
| 5 | Chiclayo, Lambayeque | 552,508 |
| 6 | Piura | 484,475 |
| 7 | Huancayo, Junin | 456,250 |
| 8 | Cusco, Cuzco Department | 428,450 |
| 9 | Iquitos, Loreto | 377,609 |
| 10 | Pucallpa, Ucayali | 326,040 |
| # | City | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | Chimbote, Ancash | 316,966 |
| 12 | Tacna | 286,240 |
| 13 | Ica | 282,407 |
| 14 | Santiago de Surco, Lima region | 251,648 |
| 15 | Juliaca, Puno | 245,675 |
| 16 | Cajamarca, Cajamarca Department | 201,329 |
| 17 | Huánuco, Huánuco Department | 196,627 |
| 18 | Santa Anita - Los Ficus, Lima region | 184,614 |
| 19 | Sullana, Piura | 160,789 |
| 20 | Chincha Alta, Ica | 153,076 |