Population of Poland

As of April 2025, the population of Poland is 39.8 million. The number of inhabitants has decreased by 504 thousand in the last year, representing a decline of 1.50%. The median age of the population has increased in recent years, rising from 38.7 years in 2015 to 41.6 years in 2025. Currently, life expectancy at birth is 78.9 years and population density is 129.4 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Population Growth

The population growth rate of Poland peaked in 2022, reaching around 8.14% annually, but has since declined to approximately -1.27% in 2025. The annual increase in the number of people has also decreased from a peak of around 3.24 million in 2022 to nearly -504.39 thousand in 2025.

Life Expectancy

In Poland, life expectancy at birth has been increasing, with the indicator rising from 75.1 years in 2005 to 78.9 years in 2025, representing an increase of almost 4 years over the past 2 decades.

Most populous cities in Poland

Poland has several cities considered medium-sized by their number of inhabitants, but there are also some large ones. The most populous city is Warsaw, Mazovia, con una diferencia significativa sobre las demás, alcanzando approximately 1.7 million inhabitants. It is followed by Łódź, Łódź Voivodeship with 768.8 thousand and Kraków, Lesser Poland with 755 thousand.

These are the 20 most populous cities in Poland: